What Makes an Entrepreneur (5/11) – Inspiration

by Mark Suster on December 19, 2009

martin-luther-king2This is part of my new series on what makes an entrepreneur successful.  I originally posted it onVentureHacks, one of my favorite websites for entrepreneurs. If you haven’t spent time over there you should.

I started the series talking about what I consider the most important attribute of an entrepreneur : Tenacity.  I then covered Street Smarts, Ability to Pivot and Resiliency.

Several people asked about the differences between tenacity and resiliency.  I like to describe tenacity as “leaning forward.”  It’s those things that you push for – in which you never accept “no” for an answer.  Resiliency, on the other hand, is about being able to withstand punches and still keep fighting.  What to understand resiliency? Watch this awesome 46 second video from RockyAnyone who has been an entrepreneur before will tell you that much of being successful in the early days is about pure survival.  Much is also about luck and timing.

And we know that being stubbornly tenacious without the “street smarts” to know when market conditions are changing and then “pivoting” when they are  changing is a recipe for failure.  It’s why I believe PalmPilot missed the important shifts to email that RIM (Blackberry) saw.   In turn Blackberry missed the Internet and still has a sucky browser after all these years.

So tenacity and resiliency alone are not enough.  All traits of an entrepreneur must be exercised in concert.

Toby Murdock told this interesting story in the comments of my last post (typos fixed):

… my last start-up was seed funded by a mega-successful angel … [but] they would not be investing in the third tranche … I had already burned the little savings I had to get the business going and with the story of this investor pulling out hanging around us, it was going to be very difficult to raise from somewhere else. We were screwed. Visions of not being able to afford my mortgage, moving my wife and kids out, shot into my head.

But in that moment of hearing the news, I tried to remind myself that dwelling in the negative never helps, that in fact every kick to the head provides motivation to crank it up. So instead of being horrified and deflated for the rest of that meeting, I let it rip and dazzled him about the progress that we’d made and where we were headed. He … said that his fund would actively help in getting us the next round.

… Not too long thereafter the angel was back in, in a bigger round, no more tranche’s, with new investors to boot. And the end of the story was ultimately a successful sale of the company … so much of entrepreneurship is not sexy but brutal. You have to push ahead through the kicks to the head … such setbacks are a normal part of the process and the key element is just how you react to them.

Many entrepreneurs struggle with their setbacks.  Many become bitter at investors or circumstances.  Some “kick it up a gear” and react how Toby did.  And I’ll bet that the leadership he displayed helped his angel decide he had the character worth backing.

Some readers of this blog also pointed out that “pivoting” can be disruptive on the employees of an organization.  So can all of the constant hiring & firing – the natural churn of an early-stage business.  That’s true.  But that’s where the next trait becomes so critical.

5. Inspiration/ Leadership – As an entrepreneur you’re always under-resourced.  You want to hire a crack team of developers but you haven’t raised enough money yet.  You want that key marketing resource from Google but he’s on a fat salary that  you can’t match.  You’re trying to get you contacts to get you that introduction to Ron Conway to sprinkle his legitimacy on your company through an angel investment.  All of these things are nearly impossible for most entrepreneurs.  And tenacity alone won’t yield positive results.  In fact, tenacity with no inspiration is often annoying yet with a little ‘inspiration’ and charm it can be motivating.

Often entrepreneurs show me their management team slides with the names of the people who are going to join him once they’re funded.  I usually jokingly respond, “maybe you’re not an entrepreneur?”  This always gets people to sit up straight ;-)   I say, “listen, nearly every successful entrepreneur I’ve ever met has a certain ‘X-Factor’ about them that makes people take notice. I know that these people who you want to join you are in comfortable positions at brand name companies and don’t want to take the risk of joining you.  But when the right entrepreneur comes along they think, ‘I’ve got to join this person now.  I think this is going to be hugely successful and I don’t want to miss the opportunity.’”

The best entrepreneurs are like that. When you’re around them it’s almost contagious.  They are passionate about what they’re doing, they’re confident about their success and they’re driven to make it happen.  Sure, they have self doubt when they’re alone in the mirror but you’d never know it from seeing them in the office.  And what you need to know is that for every chart you put up with the people who are going to join you when you’re funded I see companies that have actually gotten the team on board with no more cash in the bank than you have.

Whenever I’m watching someone present to me I’m often thinking to myself, “Can this person inspire others?  And inspiration is so important because not only is it required to hire and lead your team but it’s required to get customers to work with you when by all means they should not.  You’ve got less than 6 months’ cash in the bank and your product isn’t really fully baked.  But they have confidence that you’ll get there even if they don’t acknowledge this to themselves.  TechCrunch is going to cover you.  They probably shouldn’t because you’re a bit more hype than reality right now.  But they sense your trajectory.  They get a sixth sense that you’re going to pull this thing off.

nelson_mandela

Inspiration goes a long way in business. And in life.  Go watch Invictus – you’ll see what I mean.

Next post is Perspiration.  Because inspiration isn’t enough.

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  • What's interesting about these series of posts is the contrast of qualities. What other job do you go from flipping burgers to being an inspirational leader in the same day? That's what makes it so hard.

    So many people I see have the high level characteristics, but not the work ethic and humility to get stuff done. And others can get stuff done but can't think and act at a high enough level to grow something big.
  • Yea that's interesting, I've seen this as well... Many people posses some of the qualities but not all, I guess that's why finding the right partner is so important, pick up the pieces that you lack and vice-versa...
  • Mark, great choice of photos.

    The story behind the photo of Mandela in a Springbok rugby shirt is particularly touching. That single act united the whole of South Africa after decades of brutal apartheid policies.
  • I'm sure those who arrange the Copenhagen Summit wish they have heed the advice. It's a waste of time to gather the world leaders and then do nothing.
  • I'd like to ask for clarification. You wrote "for every chart you put up with the people who are going to join you when you’re funded I see companies that have actually gotten the team on board with no more cash in the bank than you have." How often do you see a team abandoning their paying jobs to join an entrepreneur without any pay? How long such a team can continue on the project? I am a big fan of lean startup methodology, but one needs time to learn, persevere, pivot, iterate, etc. and the time is very short without cash flow.
  • Personally, I see it a lot in successful companies. Not everyone "abandons" their paying job, but working significant hours nights and weekends, taking a full week of vacation off, etc is very common. as the story goes, I think the youtube founders had about 10 people working for them for free at first.

    Put yourself in the position of the person you're recruiting: if you believe in an opportunity, the last thing you want to do is sit in a cubicle or office at your current job. You will find a way to make significant contributions while making ends meet. If someone chooses to stay committed to their existing job, they don't believe in your opportunity... it has nothing to do with cashflow, they're just being polite.

    In terms of how long you can continue... my cofounder worked nights and weekends for 14 months. I told him it would be 3 months when we started ;) . He didnt have the savings to quit his job, and it took us 14 months to build a product and get enough traction to raise money. long time, but that's what it's all about.
  • Mark- Couldn't agree with you more on this. When I'm working with my artists, we really focus on working from a space of inspiration vs. desperation. I've been reading all of your posts, and this seems to capture the essence of entrepreneurship. What's you're take on intuition?
  • Hey Mark - a great post once again. I love the Rocky clip. I wanted to comment here and point you to one of the most inspiring stories I have ever come across. It's Tony Robbins going through the back story on what Stallone went through to get the first Rocky movie made. Truly worth the 10min listen - amazing story! http://mikebracco.com/blog/true-story-behind-th...
  • Thanks, Mike. Chris had flagged that video in the comments above and I watched it for the first time this morning. Truly inspirational.
  • I’m a little disappointed. I agree with every part of the article, but I was hoping for some discussion about inspiration in the idealism/activism sense, and less the charisma sense. This article has pictures of Mandela and King who were inspirational speakers, certainly, but we know them because their beautiful words were backed with the cold steel of righteous social progress.

    As a community we seem more excited about the Diggs and Googles, and less about the Kivas or Google-in-Chinas. The new tools that excite us are as likely to be in Huxley’s or Orwell’s worlds as King’s or Mandela’s.

    I see hope in the Tim O’Reillys (please invest in us) and Sara Lacys, but we need to see so much more. http://bit.ly/3Pfaid and http://bit.ly/EkjjU

    I don’t mean to call you out, Mark, this just gets at what I perceive to be a problem in the web/tech community in general. Before reading your post this morning I read a great article in The Economist about the moral impoverishment of technological progress, http://bit.ly/3Pfaid , which got me juiced. And admittedly this is a subject I’m indivisibly close to, I came to the web industry to build my save-the-world startup from a background of political/urban/architectural progressivism, so I am “biased.”

    But I think it’s something we should discuss more often.
  • Lucas,

    OK, some points:

    1. I agree that charisma with no action to follow it is worthless. But that's for my next post. But action with no charisma often fails to deliver group achievements

    2. If anyone's passion is social activism I support and encourage that. I think that what it takes to be a social activist are the same skills it takes to be an entrepreneur. I write about entrepreneurship from a capitalist perspective only because it is what my job is. I take money from LPs, put my own money in, invest it and try to earn a return. That's my job.

    3. Regarding social activism - in my individual life I'm a political junkie and outspoken on issues that I care about including individual rights. I occasionally Tweet and Facebook about stuff like this but I don't blog about it. 2 reasons: a) the US is too poisonous. people don't want a real dialog - they are hardened in their positions. When I have advocated for gay marriage or talked about the complex debate of whether we should escalate in Afghanistan I get too much "hate mail" so I don't want to increase my workload. As I said, people don't want a real debate. b) I think talking too much about social activism is a bit too far off from the remit of my blog. That said, in the future if I can talk about how tech diffusion can help the developing world I will. I had friends involved with the development of low-cost mobile phones and laptops.

    4. Regarding social good like Kiva, SamaSource, etc. I do get a lot of comments on the topic and I try to encourage these people in the same way that I would an entrepreneur trying to make an economic gain.

    I appreciate your bringing this up. I shall be mindful about it in the future. Probably not on my next 3-month blog list but I will incorporate over time.
  • Mark,
    I appreciate the fact that you don't ever write about politics. Certain other VCs build up a big audience based on tech, entrepreneurship posts etc, and then sucker punch you with articles about politics. It really annoys me and I consider unsubscribing each time.

    There are many political bloggers out there, I (and probably most everyone else) read these blogs to think about tech... not politics. The last thing I want to do is talk politics on a tech vc blog. It's like going to see a funny movie and finding out it's a drama once you're inside. Even if the drama is good, I would still be annoyed.

    my 2 cents...
  • Thank you for the great response. I don’t mean to suggest investment decisions should weigh anything besides potential return. One of the things I appreciate most about you is your ability to view the world with an economists perspective. I study macro for fun because it’s a powerful tool for understanding the world as it actually works, how people actually behave.

    Personally, when I view the world through an economist’s perspective, the amorality of it is a major and tremendously useful part, but it can obfuscate the sparks of “goodness” that might start a fire of new utility for employees and customers.

    craigslist would be a good example of hidden potential for a “goodness” utility. In its early days how many investors/employees would have seen the potential? I would guess anyone that new Craig well, but that potential probably wouldn’t have shown up in their decks (had they gone that route). That potential was certainly realized by its employees and provided a meaning source of inspiration.
  • Mark, great post.

    In a phrase to me this means: Inspiration is at the intersection of self belief and a great idea. The idea will change over time; leadership to inspire is the constant.
  • thanks for the clarification on tenacity vs resiliency, i get it now, makes sense.
  • That's it, I now have zero excuse. As a former scrum-half and wing-forward, I will be trudging through the snow to see Invictus today. You also mention the certain "X Factor"... I couldn't agree more and posted on just this element in the "start-up equation" some months ago here: http://bit.ly/HZg75
  • Yeah, X Factor matters. But it's so hard to quantify or qualify.
  • I didn't know they played rugby in the States. Aren't they paranoid about the injuries and lawsuits? No helmets and shoulder pads, just bitten ears, cauliflower ears and broken collar bones.

    Ironically I see there is a cricket programme in LA for ex-gang members which is going strong. Trying to teach them gentlemanly sport.
  • Rugby is alive and well in the small colleges on the coasts in the US.... mine was Williams College RFC..... I remember one year we had a South African student show up and he was also a junior world-class sprinter.... he was leaving a trail of destruction on the pitch.... it was astonishing.... sadly, the berkshire mountains were too tame a place for him and he promptly left for places with more of a night life, etc....
  • Shane
    I played flyhalf at Babson College. How long ago did you play?
  • Just wanted to say thanks for this incredible series of posts. This is by far the best resource on entrepreneurship I have come across. I think the lessons, insights, and personal examples are priceless for an entrepreneur at any stage.
  • Thanks for the feedback. A couple of more fun stories coming. Including how I got my job in VC in the first place.
  • Looking forward to it!
  • abir bhattacharyya
    Hey Mark:

    Doesn't this just distill to your previous, Inspiration=JDFI?

    Thanks,
    Abir
  • Not really. JFDI is about making decisions and not being caught up in analysis paralysis. You can be a quick decision maker but totally un-inspirational. Leaders motivate people. Period.
  • $$ + balls + desire to change the world = entrepreneur
  • Don't even necessarily need $$. Go watch the Rocky video above.
  • Agreed. Luck + timing = serendipity. I got together with our Product Development Manager when I hired him to initially build a website that would allow multiple user groups to share visual ideas in a more meaningful way. We never knew that 3 years later we would be developing a new internet software product and an entirely new ecommerce platform.
  • This is something that develops over time. People have to realize their own inner strengths to do so. And as much as we like talking about young people- I can't say mine are fully developed nor are plenty of the people I know.

    It's like growing into your shoesize: For some reason, most people learn those skills as they get older. They go through more of life, and they take on those rolls, and it brings out the charm. Younger people don't play that roll as often...
  • The Rocky clip you showed reminded me of a speech that Tony Robbins gave about Sylvester Stallon's story trying to get the first Rocky movie made. The clip (below) is an Inspirational story of Tenacity, Street Smarts, Ability to Pivot, Resiliency. Seems to fit well with the theme of these essays...

    http://chrisdrit.posterous.com/tony-robbins-tel...
  • terrific story... thanks for sharing
  • Great clip. Terrific counterpoint to the Rocky piece which I've been replaying for inspiration ever since the movie came out.
  • Excellent inspirational video!
  • Wow! What a story. I watched the whole thing. I should stop blogging on this topic and just post that video. Anybody with 9 minutes to spare should watch it. Thanks for sharing it, Chris. Social media FTW!
  • Amazing story huh! I had to dig around a bit for that, but the Rocky link in your post triggered my memory of it (memory graph?). But please, don't stop the essays, you're on a roll and I'm loving them so far!
  • I love your approach of challenging with "maybe you are not an entrepreneur". Over the past few years I've been fortunate enough to have younger entrepreneurs come to me looking for advice and I've always been careful to both encourage them to pursue their dreams of being an entrepreneur while also reminding them that this is a terrible way to live if it's fundamentally about making money or "being cool" (as too many startups are today). They need to realize that there is nothing sexy about the vast majority of the entrepreneurial endeavor and that unless they want it so bad they can't imagine doing anything else, they should go get a job.

    As for how some have mentioned that the pivoting and churn are hard on companies and employees. Well, as Gordon Gekko said - "if you want a friend, get a dog". Entrepreneurs don't get paid to make the easy decisions and dealing with reality (that what you are doing now is not working) by pretending that it's not happening is not a winning strategy. Unless you want it really badly, don't become an entrepreneur. And once you are an entrepreneur, do what it takes to win - no matter how painful. Read about Steve Jobs as an example and inspiration - no one really liked him and many hated him - but he got the Mac produced. They may not have liked him but they sure did follow him.
  • The truth is you're right but most people don't want to hear it. As a leader you can't seek to be liked but you can seek to be respected. Those who always strive to be liked avoid the difficult decisions. I'm guessing this is what happened to Jerry Yang (but I wasn't there so can't say for sure).
  • Ok, since you quoted Wall Street-

    Was Gordon Gekko too greedy? Or Immoral? What do you mean by takes to win. I found that movie disgusting, and in the previous thread we mentioned morality. Where is the moral line.

    Trust me, if I could do anything, it would be develop something so compelling it would essentially be the force of the famous 1984 Apple computer advertisement. I do think we need to Smash that screen on every level to make anything real happen. It's a craft though, and it requires many people working together noticing how the world works. And many people with specialized skills.

    And I don't think it is something that could be developed in a amoral or immoral environment. If you are going to smash the screen, you better make it so compelling, useful, and helpful that you know why you did it, and you can walk with your object with a clear conscience. Most people don't think about the implication of what they build. If you want to be the person who smashes idols, you better think about it, because you will be on the line.
  • Hi Mark. Thanks for mentioning my comment. Sorry about my typos. :-)

    I would be eager to talk with you about my current start-up. Please let me know if you'd be interested. I'm 'tobymurdock' on gmail.
  • Sure. If you want to send through a deck I'm my twitter handle at gmail dot you know what
  • Who on this list wants to place a bet and predict Mark's next 6 attributes of his ideal Entrepreneur? We're on #5 now, so I'm going to be really cheeky here and try and tap in the Suster mind and guess the next 6. Of course we'll have to wait and see, but I think that if I've managed to suss the Suster man, then I'll bet on the following. Anyone willing to put £5 on it?

    1 Integrity/Honesty
    2 Cojones/Risk taking/Fearlessness
    3 JFDI/Proactive/Decisiveness
    4 Creativity/Ingenuity/Ideation
    5 Optimisim/Positivity
    6 Confidence/Independence/Screw Convention

    Some others might speculate on Teamwork, or Results Driven, or Analytical, or Process Driven but to be honest, if they got all the above and the other 5 then these are inclusive.

    I think "Inspiration" in the sense that Mark is talking about here is more related to the ability to inspire others (often through energy and persuasiveness). I'm wondering if he also means "inspiration" to be creativity? In which case I'm missing one of the six left, in which case I'd change that for "Receptivity". Hedge my bet you know.
  • i think many of these are somewhat implied by some of the other items on mark's list, so that is why i wonder if they will get their own bullet point. i am curious to see if #1 makes the list, i hope so.

    i like "networker," "inquisitive," "results driven," and "process driven."
  • I think a successful Entrepreneur MUST be a good networker. They've got to be a people person. I think they would also be an inquisitive character. If they saw someone that was successful they would seek them out and want to learn from them how they did it. They'd ask questions, listen and attempt to understand how successful people operate. They'd also question/challenge conventional views and not just decide to follow the flock.

    The MOST successful Entrepreneurs I've met ask questions. They're inquisitive by nature. Learners through and through. So many business people don't ask questions! They're sitting next to Richard Branson and all they're talking about is the weather.
  • You've got at least three of them. One of yours was on my list but I deleted it. I think I'm going to make it a 12th but a nice-to-have. Watch this space.
  • Waiting for Creativity/Ideation. Campaigns and approaches that changed the business ecosystem. I'll hold mine to share then.
  • 12 items, Mark? Can't wait. At this rate (1 item per day), all will be unveiled by Dec 25. No pressure.. :)
  • Ha. No, I think I'm going to slow roll over xmas assuming less people online. But I wrote out all 11 at Thanksgiving so other than adding stories and images the series is complete. I woke up at 5.30am two days in a row and cranked it out.
  • you are shaping up to be the next in the long line of VC blog stars, following in the footsteps of icons like fred wilson and brad feld. thanks for letting us be a part of your journey towards eternal blog stardom.
  • Kid, for me Mark's blog is number 1. I love the Boss (Fred) and Brad/Jason as well as Fred Destin and Chris Dixon, but Mark's content is so much more rich, informative and told from personal experiences that I can relate too. His content goes far and beyond the usual 1/2 page summary perspectives that I typically see, along with a good ounce or two of humility.

    I don't even think of Mark's blog as a VC blog. It's all about Entrepreneurship, and the Suster man is an Entrepreneur who just happens to be in the business of growing companies.

    My only concern is that this blog becomes inundated, which it probably will soon. I like it just the size it is now. When you see a blog that generates 100 comments within 1 hour of it being posted you don't feel like contributing, you'll read it if it's good but the interaction get's lost in all the noise.

    Glad to see you're on the blogs that matter!
  • i'm not willing to crown suster as the greatest just yet. i mean sure, he's having a great rookie season. but does he have the tenacity continue upping his game? does he have the resiliency to keep going when he loses blog beefs? can he pivot as blog technology changes? only time will tell.

    i'm rooting for him though. i want to get in on an early round in building what could be the next great blog star community!
  • Fair point Kid about keeping the momentum, that's not going to be easy especially when you're actively out networking, negotiating term sheets, hearing pitches, attending conferences, board meetings, helping portfolio companies and searching for new ones etc..., oh and not to forget family time either. I guess that's multi-tasking. Probably one of the 6 attributes left.
  • Funny you say all this. It is actually, quite hard to balance. I often set my alarm to do early in the AM or do late at night. In the day I have no time and in the evening I have a young family. It is a challenge, for sure. Thanks for all the kind comments, guys.
  • Oh pooh I forgot "Asks Questions" and "Networker"! Can I add these to my bet list as wildcards?
  • No one is stopping you. feel free.
  • Hey I love the Mandela image (you know his statue's in Parliament Square now, alongside Smuts, Abe Lincoln and Churchill).
  • So are you related to Jan Christiaan Smuts?
  • YES, I guess there has to be some benefit to having a name such as Smuts!
  • Wow! I guess as an American (who later became a dual citizen) I didn't have a sense of my British history. Very impressive, your name is! Who knew? http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Smuts
  • Ha! Some things you might not have known about JC Smuts:

    Coined the term "holism and holistic" in his 1926 book "Holism & Evolution"
    Formulated the League of Nations but gave the credit to Woodrow Wilson to draw in the US (who by the way did him no service by not joining)
    Founded the Commonwealth and the RAF
    An adversary and then intimate friend of Gandhi (another S African lawyer) who he freed from prison
    Churchill's closest friend and advisor
    In the case of Churchill's death, Smuts was designated by Parliament and King George to replace him
    Survived several assassination attempts ordered by Hitler
    An inspiration to Nelson Mandela (read his autobiography)

    Unfortunately 2 things lost him the general election in 1948 (at 78 yrs old):
    1) calling for full integration of the races in the Union of S Africa
    2) recognising the State of Israel

    These two actions finally proved to what many Afrikaners believed all along; that Smuts was a traitor. It was the last straw for them, they weren't pleased anyway for his taking the country into the 1st and 2nd world wars on the side of the British. He lost the election to the nationalists who introduced Apartheid, withdrew from the Commonwealth and brought years of misery to all S Africans. (some extreme Afrikaner Volk disagree with me on this)

    I just have to ask Roelef Botha of Sequoia, if he's related to Botha who founded the Union of South Africa with Smuts as his deputy. Two of the greatest names in South African history.
  • Another great post Mark. I agree that inspiring team members is very important to get team motivated. If i may, I just want to add from my experience, that we, as leader, should admit our mistakes to team members, and tell them the lessons learned and how I should do not to repeat the mistake again. This is probably counter-intuitive, since the leader should be viewed as a rock, a person who makes only few mistakes and well-respected. The problem is if you as a leader enganging in CYA politics, you indirectly encourage them for this behavior too. People are more forgiving than you thought, tell your mistake (that relevant to the team), be transparent, and you'll be surprised that others will follow you and tell their mistakes too. You want to know the bad news first before the good news. It makes the whole team healthier, especially a fast changing team like a startup.

    I learned my lessons that people do not like frequent changes, make them question the progress and leaderships, and demorialize them. Unfortunately if you're startup, changes are almost constant. I normally set the expectation to them that startup is operating with plenty of assumptions that are frequently not true. If my assumption is wrong (which if often - and learn from it), I told them what, why, and how to correct it. More often than not, they're embracing the changes.

    A bit unrelated to the topic, If anyone is interested, I have a presentation on running an effective team from my experience as running a small startup and very large team projects. http://www.slideshare.net/Guppers/3-simple-habi...
  • I agree. I think it's ok to admit your mistakes. But don't dwell on them. Point toward the future.
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