I Would Only Fund an Entrepreneur with High Integrity

IntegrityBack in November I agreed with Nivi over at VentureHacks to do a series on the ten most important attributes of a successful entrepreneur.  This is the last post in that series.

This is actually an addendum to my list rather than “on” my list.  That in itself will be controversial, I know.  When Nivi published the series he titled it “the top 10 things I look for before I write a check.”  As a result I felt compelled to add this final attribute because it matters a lot to me.  Unfortunately, I don’t believe it is perfectly correlated with what it takes to be a successful entrepreneur.

12. Integrity – The most obvious attribute that isn’t on my original top list is “integrity” or honesty.  If I thought I could make a lot of money backing somebody that made money through low integrity I would personally pass.

I know that sounds trite but that is exactly how my firm talks about things in partner meetings.  If we’ve seen a company present where we feel that the CEO is shady.  It becomes a large part of the conversation in our partners’ meeting afterward.  A few months ago we saw a CEO present who had personally made hundreds of millions of dollars in a financial services business and had a plan to capitalize on the current market conditions.  A large part of our post meeting conversation was how we felt the individual seemed to be of low integrity.  We thought he might actually find a way to make money again – but we decided he wasn’t the type of individual we could work with.

Another CEO presented to us from a company that was growing at a tremendously fast clip.  We were super excited by their offering – they had patented technology in a field that we believe will continue to grow massively.  During the final pre-term sheet due diligence we discovered that the CEO had had a felony arrest for a significant crime that he hadn’t disclosed to us.  When confronted with this he told us, “Oh, I thought I told you.  We certainly told every other investor we had spoken with. It must have been an oversight.”  I called two other firms we knew he had been speaking with – he hadn’t disclosed it to either of them but both of them had found it during their due diligence.

As usual it wasn’t as much the initial crime that bothered me as it was the bending of the truth afterward that he felt comfortable with.  I’m not sure how we would have responded if there would have been an initial disclosure – I’ll never know.  Perhaps VC isn’t the vest route for this individual.  It’s a shame because as a person I really liked and felt connected with him and his business seems to still be thriving.

I’m proud to say that most early-stage VCs that I know really do care about making money ethically.  So consider integrity on my personal list of attributes required to raise money from a reputable, early-stage VC.  I know that many media outlets would like to portray this in a different way but knowing many of these individuals I believe it is true for most.  When companies start to make huge sums of money it’s always easy for the media to question the integrity of the company.

Unfortunately people with low integrity can be successful and can raise money from investors.  I personally know a billionaire CEO who I wouldn’t put high on the list of people with high integrity but he built his company from scratch to become a very large enterprise.  He is well respected (but not liked) in his industry and in his company.

He has a lot of money to spend on personal marketing so the story is written as he wants it to be.  But I have seen his actions at close range and would not claim that they are high on the integrity scale.  I’ve heard this about similar technology executives of some of the biggest names out there in history.

I also know him to not be a very happy man.  Money can buy a lot of things but as the saying goes it can’t in and of itself buy you happiness.  I believe that true happiness comes from a sense of fulfillment, giving and doing what your moral compass knows is right.

Better that you be this person, whatever level of business success you achieve in life.

(any guesses what the image is from?)

Posted in Uncategorized
  • http://twitter.com/milancermak Milan Cermak

    The image is from The Fountainhead. It wasn't hard to figure out as it's in the alt attribute of the img.

  • James Kanatas

    Gary Cooper, from The Fountainhead.

    It also pops up the word “fountainhead” if you hold your cursor over the picture :)

    First time poster. I've been reading and loving your blog for about six months. Thanks for all your effort on this site; it's a huge benefit that extends well beyond the tech industry — I've found tips of yours extremely useful, and I'm in the independent film business in Austin.

  • http://www.altgate.com/ fnazeeri

    I agree with you, particularly the bit about how the coverup often does more damage than the original lie (or omission).

    An issue that is orthogonal to this one is what I call the “code of silence.” For some reason, the industry (investors and entrepreneurs) has adopted a norm along the lines of the first rule of Fight Club. Just like in your post (and I've done it too) names are changed to protect the guilty. Or TheFunded (where you'd be hard pressed to find a negative comment with attribution). But if that CEO who committed that serious crime does manage to raise some money from an investor not as on-the-ball and then goes on to bilk them out of their investment…

    It's complicated.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Ha. Yes, I hadn't thought of that. Fair play.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Thanks for writing, James. Glad to hear that there is some applicability of tech industry stuff to independent film. I'm a huge small budget, independent film fan. I sometimes think I'm helping to keep my local theater alive!

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Yeah, it's a tough one. I agreed to a rule for my blog not to name companies that present to me in any way without their consent. I feel that it's not fair to them and if I gave away specific details it would dissuade people from presenting to me. Plus, I can't always say that my views are “fact” but are rather often subjective. But people who contact me offline I'll always share my views.

  • Luke Miler

    I believe that integrity, the most important thing is to keep this value during and after all tough times that will happen to you – you will survive partnering in trust with this respected ex-VP that in the end will try to screw and kick you out, you will face many other odds as well that will get hard, unfair and put scam punch in-front of your face.. After all that, the temptation to turn in similar patterns will get stronger and stronger – especially – if you will find those are getting people successful.. So the most important thing is to keep this value despite all odds.. believe in hard-work, honesty and keep those garage-love feeling and “naiveness” on top on all other important values.

  • http://borismsilver.wordpress.com Boris M. Silver

    you changed the alt-tag, but it's still in the file URL ;-)

    <img class=”aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1920″ title=”Integrity” src=”http://www.bothsidesofthetable.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/fountainhead-249×300.jpg” alt=”Integrity” width=”199″ height=”240″>

  • http://reecepacheco.com reecepacheco

    Excellent criteria, Mark. Like my dad always says, “Do the right thing.” So simple, so right.

    While I know this focuses on funding, I think that business integrity must be an attribute that permeates the entire company. Like you said, sounds trite, but it is easily overlooked.

    As a startup CEO on a rollercoaster ride towards a successful business, it's a tough job, but I hold myself to extremely high standards, not just with investors, but with our partners, customers and most importantly with my team. Likewise, I expect utmost integrity out of them.

    Consequently, we have a very strong team bond knowing that we're all working together toward the right goals.

  • http://giangbiscan.com Giang Biscan

    Mark, this article reconfirms what you say consistently about your investment consideration: the team first, the idea later.

    Btw, I found the answer for your image using Google Goggles app on Nexus One. That said there is a good progress in image search/recognition technology.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Ha. Yes, I noticed and thought of that but would have entailed me renaming the photo and re-uploading. Couldn't be bothered ;-)

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Thanks, Reece. Yes, important to only hire people with high integrity and partner with like-minded people also.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Oh, snap! I'll have to check out Google Goggles. Haven't played with it yet.

  • http://twitter.com/swapnilghosh swapnil ghosh

    hi
    posting for the first time here. have been following your blog for some time now, and it has helped me a lot in opening up to new perspectives as an entrepreneur. i'm planning to start my own software development firm, and your insights have proved very useful.
    looking forward to your posts.
    thanx a ton.
    PS: Fountainhead(the book) is one of my favorites.

  • http://twitter.com/harjanto Andy Harjanto

    Here is another scenario. I'm dealing with many companies and government overseas. It's in their culture to accept “gift” or kickbacks (at almost any level) in order to get the deal moving. We refused to engange on this kind of practice because against our value. As the result, a little progress has been made even with plenty of push; while our competitors passed by quickly. Other in our company argue, we should adopt local culture, even it conflicts with our value. Another well publicized example is Google and China. What do you guys think?

  • http://twitter.com/scottowensva Scott Owens

    Mark, I love this series of posts but appreciate this post most of all. It could be argued that someone acting with integrity is (among other things) acting in a way that is both ethically well known and ethically reliable. In the hand to hand combat of most startups where business conditions are rapidly changing, it's hugely important to have reliable, upright ethical reactions to complex problems by both co-founders and investors. *Something* has to operate as expected in these situations and when you have exposed yourself to the risk of human behavior under such stressful conditions it's critical to be able to rely on your shipmates to deliver. Thanks for highlighting it.

  • http://sigma-hk.com Mark Westling

    Hi Andy, is your company incorporated in the U.S.? If so, then the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act may answer your question, at least regarding government officials. Also, are you breaking any laws in the country you're dealing with? Would the recipient of these “gifts” likely be fired if their bosses learned of it?

    All of my business (so far) is in Asia and it's quite enlightening to see what's considered normal business practice. Last year I dragged my partners into the Hong Kong office of DLA Piper to educate them on anti-corruption laws as well as things that are legal but would simply drive away some investors (know any VCs concerned about integrity? Heh)

    If the gifts you're talking about are legal, common business practice, and wouldn't get anyone fired for cause, then it's your call. A quick test: would you be embarrassed if your family and closest friends found out about it? Would you be reluctant to tell it to your investors and board members? If so, avoid it and enjoy sleeping well.

  • http://twitter.com/aumg Gregg Borodaty

    Mark – thanks for writing a great series. I am also really glad you wrote this last piece. There are plenty of ways out there to make fast money, and it frustrates me to see those that take shortcuts win, although it usually catches up with them. As for me, I prefer doing things the right way – it helps me to sleep soundly at night :)

  • http://twitter.com/milancermak Milan Cermak

    The image is from The Fountainhead. It wasn't hard to figure out as it's in the alt attribute of the img.

  • James Kanatas

    Gary Cooper, from The Fountainhead.

    It also pops up the word “fountainhead” if you hold your cursor over the picture :)

    First time poster. I've been reading and loving your blog for about six months. Thanks for all your effort on this site; it's a huge benefit that extends well beyond the tech industry — I've found tips of yours extremely useful, and I'm in the independent film business in Austin.

  • http://www.altgate.com/ fnazeeri

    I agree with you, particularly the bit about how the coverup often does more damage than the original lie (or omission).

    An issue that is orthogonal to this one is what I call the “code of silence.” For some reason, the industry (investors and entrepreneurs) has adopted a norm along the lines of the first rule of Fight Club. Just like in your post (and I've done it too) names are changed to protect the guilty. Or TheFunded (where you'd be hard pressed to find a negative comment with attribution). But if that CEO who committed that serious crime does manage to raise some money from an investor not as on-the-ball and then goes on to bilk them out of their investment…

    It's complicated.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Ha. Yes, I hadn't thought of that. Fair play.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Thanks for writing, James. Glad to hear that there is some applicability of tech industry stuff to independent film. I'm a huge small budget, independent film fan. I sometimes think I'm helping to keep my local theater alive!

  • http://asweetlife.org/author/karmel/ Karmel

    Hi Mark,

    This is an encouraging post, and a promising addition to the collective culture of the VC world, but I fear you're leaving too much to interpretation. Integrity is a good goal, but what exactly qualifies as integrity in your eyes, besides not lying about a past felony? Is integrity a character trait, a series of actions, a set of personal limits? Integrity implies consistency in one's application of moral principles– is that what you have in mind? Or do you require certain moral principles as well?

    Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
    - Karmel

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Yeah, it's a tough one. I agreed to a rule for my blog not to name companies that present to me in any way without their consent. I feel that it's not fair to them and if I gave away specific details it would dissuade people from presenting to me. Plus, I can't always say that my views are “fact” but are rather often subjective. But people who contact me offline I'll always share my views.

    P.S. Don't talk about the Fight Club !!!

  • Luke Miler

    I believe that integrity, the most important thing is to keep this value during and after all tough times that will happen to you – you will survive partnering in trust with this respected ex-VP that in the end will try to screw and kick you out, you will face many other odds as well that will get hard, unfair and put scam punch in-front of your face.. After all that, the temptation to turn in similar patterns will get stronger and stronger – especially – if you will find those are getting people successful.. So the most important thing is to keep this value despite all odds.. believe in hard-work, honesty and keep those garage-love feeling and “naiveness” on top on all other important values.

  • http://borismsilver.wordpress.com/ Boris M. Silver

    you changed the alt-tag, but it's still in the file URL ;-)

    <img class=”aligncenter size-medium wp-image-1920″ title=”Integrity” src=”http://www.bothsidesofthetable.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/fountainhead-249×300.jpg” alt=”Integrity” width=”199″ height=”240″>

    And re the post, integrity is super important. The problem becomes when people such as the CEO you described are able to operate without repercussions to their behavior/actions. In the minds of some people, they then associate that person's success with their bad behavior. And that's what's really dangerous — that other people follow their lead.

  • http://reecepacheco.com reecepacheco

    Excellent criteria, Mark. Like my dad always says, “Do the right thing.” So simple, so right.

    While I know this focuses on funding, I think that business integrity must be an attribute that permeates the entire company. Like you said, sounds trite, but it is easily overlooked.

    As a startup CEO on a rollercoaster ride towards a successful business, it's a tough job, but I hold myself to extremely high standards, not just with investors, but with our partners, customers and most importantly with my team. Likewise, I expect utmost integrity out of them.

    Consequently, we have a very strong team bond knowing that we're all working together toward the right goals.

  • http://asable.com/ Giang Biscan

    Mark, this article reconfirms what you say consistently about your investment consideration: the team first, the idea later.

    Btw, I found the answer for your image using Google Goggles app on Nexus One. That said there is a good progress in image search/recognition technology.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Ha. Yes, I noticed and thought of that but would have entailed me renaming the photo and re-uploading. Couldn't be bothered ;-)

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Thanks, Reece. Yes, important to only hire people with high integrity and partner with like-minded people also.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Oh, snap! I'll have to check out Google Goggles. Haven't played with it yet.

  • http://twitter.com/swapnilghosh swapnil ghosh

    hi
    posting for the first time here. have been following your blog for some time now, and it has helped me a lot in opening up to new perspectives as an entrepreneur. i'm planning to start my own software development firm, and your insights have proved very useful.
    looking forward to your posts.
    thanx a ton.
    PS: Fountainhead(the book) is one of my favorites.

  • http://twitter.com/harjanto Andy Harjanto

    Here is another scenario. I'm dealing with many companies and government overseas. It's in their culture to accept “gift” or kickbacks (at almost any level) in order to get the deal moving. We refused to engange on this kind of practice because against our value. As the result, a little progress has been made even with plenty of push; while our competitors passed by quickly. Other in our company argue, we should adopt local culture, even it conflicts with our value. Another well publicized example is Google and China. What do you guys think?

  • http://twitter.com/scottowensva Scott Owens

    Mark, I love this series of posts but appreciate this post most of all. It could be argued that someone acting with integrity is (among other things) acting in a way that is both ethically well known and ethically reliable. In the hand to hand combat of most startups where business conditions are rapidly changing, it's hugely important to have reliable, upright ethical reactions to complex problems by both co-founders and investors. *Something* has to operate as expected in these situations and when you have exposed yourself to the risk of human behavior under such stressful conditions it's critical to be able to rely on your shipmates to deliver. Thanks for highlighting it.

  • http://sigma-hk.com Mark Westling

    Hi Andy, is your company incorporated in the U.S.? If so, then the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act may answer your question, at least regarding government officials. Also, are you breaking any laws in the country you're dealing with? Would the recipient of these “gifts” likely be fired if their bosses learned of it?

    All of my business (so far) is in Asia and it's quite enlightening to see what's considered normal business practice. Last year I dragged my partners into the Hong Kong office of DLA Piper to educate them on anti-corruption laws as well as things that are legal but would simply drive away some investors (know any VCs concerned about integrity? Heh)

    If the gifts you're talking about are legal, common business practice, and wouldn't get anyone fired for cause, then it's your call. A quick test: would you be embarrassed if your family and closest friends found out about it? Would you be reluctant to tell it to your investors and board members? If so, avoid it and enjoy sleeping well.

  • http://www.jasonspalace.com/ jasonspalace

    karma is real.

  • http://twitter.com/aumg Gregg Borodaty

    Mark – thanks for writing a great series. I am also really glad you wrote this last piece. There are plenty of ways out there to make fast money, and it frustrates me to see those that take shortcuts win, although it usually catches up with them. As for me, I prefer doing things the right way – it helps me to sleep soundly at night :)

  • http://asweetlife.org/author/karmel/ Karmel

    Hi Mark,

    This is an encouraging post, and a promising addition to the collective culture of the VC world, but I fear you're leaving too much to interpretation. Integrity is a good goal, but what exactly qualifies as integrity in your eyes, besides not lying about a past felony? Is integrity a character trait, a series of actions, a set of personal limits? Integrity implies consistency in one's application of moral principles– is that what you have in mind? Or do you require certain moral principles as well?

    Looking forward to hearing your thoughts!
    - Karmel

  • Sammy

    Mark,

    Wish it was that simple. The fact is that corruption is a fact of life and business in many countries, irrespective of whatever US law states. Your choices are: 1. Go with the local practice or 2. Get out.

    It is one of the most frustrating aspects for me as a US entrepreneur that has moved to India, to the point where I am on the verge of shutting down operations here. It's not just the money, it's that feeling of disgust that accompanies the practice. And the worst part – the new trend in a lot of these red-tape offices is that giving a bribe doesn't even ensure the work will be done – it just ensures that your “file” will be looked at. Talk about a skewed up mind-set.

  • http://www.linkedin.com/in/rajatsuri rajatsuri

    It's a pretty tough issue. What do you think of Google's recent tussles with China? Until they got hacked, they didn't seem to complain too much about the abuses there. Nor have many govts around the world, as long as China continues to open up its economy to trade.

    There is probably a spectrum of integrity ranging from Gandhi to Madoff, but it's unclear where the line has to be drawn. How do you determine whether someone is low-integrity (apart from an outright lie?)

  • http://www.facebook.com/people/David-Murphy/13303029 David Murphy

    Good post. Without integrity, everything is at risk. I would advise startup entrepreneurs to be as absolutely careful as they can with co-founders on this issue, too — it's not just something that VCs should be thinking of.

    Sometimes, you can't really tell, though, so even if you think things are going to work out beautifully, set things up so if the worst case happens, you'll be as protected as possible. Ask yourself what would happen in the worst cases, even if you don't think they'd happen. Sadly, it can be a tough world and people can do strange things. Protect yourself.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Thanks for the feedback – I hope your experiences go well. And, yes, Fountainhead was one of my favorite books when I was a teenager. I liked both the architecture discovery and the sense of the “perfect man.”

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Sleeping soundly (metaphorically) is one of the most important outcomes of integrity.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Karmel, unfortunately it's hard to be prescriptive about a topic like this. Ethics are not absolute – they are relative. They are not hard and fast rules – they are defined by each society and each person. What is ethical in one society might not be considered ethical in another. What is ethical in one man's mind might not be in another persons. Example: I'm not a vegetarian. In some people's eyes that's wrong. But I sleep well at night with it. We each have to define the ethical compass that we feel comfortable with and that comports to our societal rules.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    re: Google – yeah, tough call. I'm sure in their internal meetings they really did believe that it was more ethical to bring more knowledge to the people of China with some censorship than to bring no outside search results. As I always say, “ethics are relative, not absolute.” Not everybody agrees but that's how I see it. I'm also fond of saying, “one's opinion on an ethical issue is shaped in direct proportion to whether they have actually dealt with that issue personally.” This can be seen in the “parable of the sadhu” that all business schools teach (maybe I did actually learn something there? ;-) ) see –> http://awe.sm/51MMR

    re: determining low-integrity: like everything else – it's a subjective call based on the data and perceptions you draw from experiences with the person.

  • http://bothsidesofthetable.com msuster

    Agreed. Great addition.

  • http://www.jasonspalace.com/ jasonspalace

    karma is real.

  • Sammy

    Mark,

    Wish it was that simple. The fact is that corruption is a fact of life and business in many countries, irrespective of whatever US law states. Your choices are: 1. Go with the local practice or 2. Get out.

    It is one of the most frustrating aspects for me as a US entrepreneur that has moved to India, to the point where I am on the verge of shutting down operations here. It's not just the money, it's that feeling of disgust that accompanies the practice. And the worst part – the new trend in a lot of these red-tape offices is that giving a bribe doesn't even ensure the work will be done – it just ensures that your “file” will be looked at. Talk about a skewed up mind-set.

  • http://www.linkedin.com/in/rajatsuri rajatsuri

    It's a pretty tough issue. What do you think of Google's recent tussles with China? Until they got hacked, they didn't seem to complain too much about the abuses there. Nor have many govts around the world, as long as China continues to open up its economy to trade.

    There is probably a spectrum of integrity ranging from Gandhi to Madoff, but it's unclear where the line has to be drawn. How do you determine whether someone is low-integrity (apart from an outright lie?)


Mark Suster is a 2x entrepreneur who has gone to the Dark Side of VC. He joined GRP Partners in 2007 as a General Partner after selling his company to Salesforce.com. He focuses on early-stage technology companies. Read more about Mark.

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